Critical Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Critical Evaluation - Essay Example McCullin, Don, "Don McCullin in Syria, December 2012" Don McCullin, internationally known British photojournalist, is majorly renowned and known for his war photography and post-war coverage especially for his visit to Syria at the age of 77. His work features 134 exceptionally taken photographs that cover world's most dangerous and conflicted images. For the first time, the work of a British photojournalist is being exhibited in the National Gallery of Canada (NGC) till April 14, 2013. Major newspapers and magazines including The Sunday Times, The Daily Telegraph and The Observer have also printed his works. McCullin has always depicted the unemployed, the impoverished and the downtrodden. NGC director and CEO Marc Mayer reported to have said, "McCullin's photographs belong in an art gallery because they consistently bring clarity and compositional grace to their compelling subject matter. These pictures are both hard to look at and hard not to" (Mallet, 2013). However, his recent e ncounter of Syria has not been displayed in the gallery, as Sobey Curatorial Assistant Katherine Stauble writes, "Likely (these images) were not meant to hang on a gallery wall, but rather, to communicate information, to reveal truths and to mobilize action. Now that McCullin has escaped the battlefield and for the past twenty years has been focusing his lens on landscape and still life, one might expect the artist moniker to sit more comfortably with him" (as cited in Mallet, 2013). The following attached files are few of pictures of his last war with Anthony Loyd: Figure 1: Anthony Loyd  and Don McCullin  Atmeh, on the Syria-Turkey border. According to McCullin, "Photography for me is not looking, it’s feeling. If you can’t feel what you’re looking at, then you’re never going to get others to feel anything when they look at your pictures" (Mallet, 2013). This is what has been the most predominant feature of McCullin's photography as shown in Figure. 1. There has been embedded in his pictures "the feelings of people" rather than focusing on the other artistic values (figure 1). He, through his images, has tried to get the sympathetic feelings for the affected people. By capturing a child's picture, he is making use of emotions and feelings of people to get attention. As Susan Sontag writes in her book, Regarding the Pain of Others (2003), that sufferings and emotions sell more than any other factors (Sontag, 2003). Figure 2: Don McCullin for The Times. The most effective and credible advantage of McCullin's work (as shown in Figure. 2) would be his unbiased reporting. He not only showed images of the public dying and their sorrows, but he also showed the sorrows of the free Syrian army (Figure 2). "I'm just a carrier pigeon that brings the message back home" (Archer, 2013), says McCullin. Thus, effectively, his images do not downplay the role of one opposing army to another nor do they cast blame on any side. His images can nev er prove to be the barriers against peace-making between the conflicted armies (Greenslade, 2013). The images represent war in a way that they do not exploit people nor do they express problematic ideas that would exacerbate the situation and/or the relationship between photographer and his subject (figure 2). Figure 3: McCullin in Syria McCullin's photography explicitly points out at the major weakness of his images which was the portrayal of sufferings of the evicted people as shown in

Standardized Testing Essay examples -- Standardized Testing Essays

Standardized Testing Every year thousands upon thousands of children, ages seven and upwards sit down to take their scheduled standardized tests. This generation has been classified as the most tested in history. 'Its progress through childhood and adolescence' has been 'punctuated by targets, key stages, attainment levels, and qualifications' ('Stalin in School' 8). Each year the government devises a new standard and then finds a way to test how each student measures up to this standard. They have come to the conclusion that the easiest way to chart the success of school reform is to follow the results of standardized testing. But rating education strictly by the numbers is the wrong way to measure a process as complex as learning, and teaching kids how to memorize facts and remember dates is an altogether different achievement from teaching them how to make sense out of new ideas and experiences. This system of testing currently used is based on academic standards. These academic standards are clearly written expectations of what every child should know and be able to do at specific grade levels. They usually only test the core school subjects such as math, science, language arts, and social studies. For example, 'in Wisconsin, the standards were written for English/Language Arts, Math, Social Studies and Science at the 4th, 8th, and 12th grade levels' ('Standards and Assessments Q&A'). These standards are usually written by educators, and parents serving on special committees and sometimes by commercial test makers. However, as you will see these standards do not cover true learning. True learning involves teaching the students to think logically and form their own conclusions based on facts and inferences, not memorization and regurgitation of facts. These facts would be useless to the students if they were not able to use logic to connect these facts and make educated decisions. Nevertheless, the core school subjects do not include this. According to Brady, ?School subjects are just convenient organizers of information. As all effective teachers know, the real challenge isn't to stuff kids' heads with secondhand information, but to teach them to think, to draw inferences, generate hypotheses, formulate generalizations, explore systemic relationships, make defensible value judgments, and so on.? Education is not about how well a student can me... ...terns, evaluate situations, and make inferences and logical decisions based on facts and observations. And furthermore rating education and a student?s progress strictly through numbers is the wrong way to measure a process as complex and intricate as learning. Works Cited Brady, Marion. 'Not-yet-answered questions about standardized testing.' Knight Ridder/Tribune News Service 28 Jan. 2003: K. Clarke, Kevin. 'Why students are feeling so testy.' U.S. Catholic July 2000: 27. Gallagher, Tom. 'The Case Against Standardized Testing: Raising the Scores, Ruining the Schools.' The Progressive Aug. 2001: 44. 'How Standardized Testing Damages Education.' FairTest: The National Center for Fair and Open Testing. Moon, Tonya, Catherine Brighton, Carolyn Callahan. ?State standardized testing programs: friend or foe of gifted education? (On Gifted Students in School).' Roeper Review Wntr 2003: 49. Morse, Jodie. 'To Test and Test Not.' Time 6 Oct. 2000. 27 Mar.2003.   Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   'Stalin in School.' New Statesman 17 June 2002: 8. 'Standards and Assessments Q&A.' Advocates for Education of Whitefish Bay.2002. 27 Mar.2003. < http://www.fairtest.org/arn/wislet.html>.

Blogging Digital Media And Society Series Essay

Jill Walker Rettberg new edition â€Å"Blogging: digital media and society series† can be described as a key book in an emerging field. Blogging has come to be associated as a landmark in the current social cyber studies and even more. Blogging is all about the way today’s popular culture has become an important element in large magnitude changes in how culture is produced. With her book, Jill digs into the deep and broad of blogging to give the reader the real meaning of what is involved in blogging as the evidence and driver of a shift in epochal culture (Rettberg, 2014). Jill’s capability in ensuring that she reaches out to the right audience and puts the points on blogging across is enhanced by experience. Being a prolific blogger herself, Jill uses her experience as a blogger in pointing out the various issues to her audience. Jill also utilizes examination which is enhanced by use of an expert’s eye of a communications researcher with experience to reveal the historical, psychological, social and political meaning of the blogging initiative. Borrowing from various disciplines, it is evident of her good understanding on the blogging issue and its impact. The other strong point in her writing is the fact that she brings and uses various disciplines such as media studies, marketing, ethnology, literary studies, sociology and journalism into an excellent exploratory framework (Rettberg, 2014). Jill’s book expands blogging into a wider context of the decline in print culture to the emerging trends. The updated and revised edition provides a good study of the now each and every day phenomenon placing it in a theoretical, contemporary and historical context. The use of the most recent of the researches and developments in the blogging world is taken care of with an analysis of the new tools for visual blogging and micro blogging (Rettberg, 2014). In the book, Jill discusses the changing trends where in the current times blogs are being integrated into the mainstream social media ecology. This helps to show the reader the direction the blogging element is taking in the formation and continuation of popular culture. Jill notes that the comments and the links from social networking sites such as Twitter and Facebook have become more important than networks between blogs which was important five years ago. Jill also questions the new trend where there is a shift towards increased corporate control and commercialization of blogs (Rettberg, 2014). The cultural shift has also seen its share of influence from blogging as Jill illustrates using examples. Jill delves into the analysis of how the current smart phones equipped with cameras together with the social media has led to the shift towards more emphasis on the visual aspects in the blogs with the use of graphics and photographs being in the foreground. Jill puts in a convincing analysis of how blogging together with related genres have come to change the world of communication and media (Rettberg, 2014). The design of the book is in such a way that each of the chapters is a self-sufficient review of areas in blogging which makes the structure repetitive across the work. The book is more suitable for beginners or anyone with an interest in blogging as Jill puts the chapters in a loose connection to blogging. Though Jill has borrowed from many disciplines to help the reader in understanding the different aspects of blogging, there is some diversion, however when the discussion shifts from blogging as a phenomenon into the related and convergent forms like the social networking sites. There are lengthy discussions of the various sites such as MySpace and Facebook which though put with the right intention in mind, they do not achieve this as there is no clear elaboration to the reader how this relates to the overall topics (Rettberg, 2014). Walker’s work begins by tackling the question of what a blog is. She starts with an introduction to the history of online text based communication. She then moves on to the development of blogging tools such as Blogger. Walker develops a shred understanding of material aspects in blogging. An interesting section also discusses blogs as genre and medium which is a distinction that is not addressed directly most of the time. In â€Å"From Bards to Blogs†, Walter takes the discussion on the blogging place within media culture and the shift from one-to- many towards many-to- many. Walter positions the internet as a counterpoint to Plato’s complaint of a written text being unresponsive. Walker shares the view that there is potential for interactivity between authors of blog posts, the blog post itself and the reader in blog comments (Rettberg, 2014). Also of particular interest is the chapter â€Å"Citizen Journalist?’ where Walker puts her focus on the three ways in which blogging intersects with traditional journalism. There are bloggers acting as journalists, the bloggers who report on mainstream media and the bloggers giving first-hand reports on ongoing events. Walker goes ahead to discuss bloggers as the chance to witness big historical events. Her example of Kaye D. Trammell account on Hurricane Katrina is meant to show how blogs can be used as sources of information by both the public and mass media however understudied. This is an avenue that can be used for future works in blogging (Rettberg, 2014). Walker also discusses how blogs have expanded to various forms of narratives in â€Å"Blogs as narratives† She gives an account of the three forms of narratives namely the goal-oriented narrative, ongoing narration and fragmented narratives. In the same chapter she evaluates the ways in which blogs can be used as a means of self exploration with one discovering their strengths and what they can do best to contribute to the society (Rettberg, 2014). Walker finishes the book off with a review of the future of blogs and the future of social media. In the chapter, Walker also touches on the use of language, privacy government access and control each of which one gets the feeling that they could be well covered in a different book each on its own. An addition of some scholarly works using quantitative methods would have added some balance to the various discussions such as the one on protypical blog and blogger. Another limitation in Walker’s book is that there is a small number of scholarly works cited on bloggers and blogging (Rettberg, 2014). In general Walker provides a popular view on blogging culture and blogs and steers away from in-depth analysis and critical discussion. The text however is a good introductory resource for both non-academic and academic audiences (Rettberg, 2014). Reference Rettberg, J. W. (2014).  Blogging. Source document

Exercise 29

9Name: Brielle Cantagallo Class: Statistics Date: 3/17/13 ? EXERCISE 29 Questions to be Graded * 1. Were the groups in this study independent or dependent? Provide a rationale for your answer. The groups in this study were independent because the two sets of data were not taken from the same subjects. The subjects were in one group: female and the second group: male. * 2. t = ? 3. 15 describes the difference between women and men for what variable in this study? Is this value significant? Provide a rationale for your answer. t= -3. 15 describes the difference between men and women for the variable of mental health.This value is significant because 0. 002 is less than the alpha type 1 error rate of 0. 05 that was used. * 3. Is t = ? 1. 99 significant? Provide a rationale for your answer. Discuss the meaning of this result in this study. t= -1. 99 is significant because it shows that the physical functioning and health functioning of both the men and women in this study were almost the same across the board. The p value of 0. 049 was also the same in each of these variables concluding that the type 1 error rate for this was less than the alpha 0. 05 that was set for this study. * 4. Examine the t ratios in Table VI.Which t ratio indicates the largest difference between the males and females post MI in this study? Is this t ratio significant? Provide a rationale for your answer. The t ratio that was the largest difference between males and females post MI in this study was mental health with -3. 15. This t ratio is significant because it shows that the mental health of the women versus the men in this study was the largest difference. * 5. Consider t = ? 2. 50 and t = ? 2. 54. Which t ratio has the smaller p value? Provide a rationale for your answer. What does this result mean? T ratio -2. 54 had the smaller p value of 0. 007. -2. 0 had a p value of 0. 01. This result means that because the 0. 007 p value is less than the predetermined alpha which was 0. 05 that the observed result would be highly unlikely under the null hypothesis. Making this research credible. * 6. What is a Type I error? Is there a risk of a Type I error in this study? Provide a rationale for your answer. A Type I error occurs when the researcher rejects the null hypothesis when it is in actuality true. I do believe that there was a type 1 error risk in this study because according to the study 9 t tests were performed and the risk of type 1 errors increases when performed more than one time. 7. Should a Bonferroni procedure be conducted in this study? Provide a rationale for your answer. I do believe that a Bonferroni procedure would need to be conducted in this study because the t test was conducted 9 times. * 8. If researchers conducted 9 t-tests on their study data. What alpha level should be used to determine significant differences between the two groups in the study? Provide your calculations. The alpha level that should be used to determine the significant diffe rences between the two groups in this study would be 0. 006. The alpha was set to 0. 05. That needs to be divided by the 9 t tests and you get 0. 055 and when rounded becomes 0. 006 for the corrected alpha. * 9. The authors reported multiple df values in Table VI. Why were different df values reported for this study? Different df values were reported in this study probably due to non participation in certain study areas. Because of that they would have to change the df if the number of participants was different in those areas or the research would not be accurate. * 10. What does the t value for the Physical Component Score tell you about men and women post MI? If this result was consistent with previous research, how might you use this knowledge in your practice?The t value -2. 50 for the physical component score tells me that men and women have a significant difference in their perception of post MI coping. Women perceive themselves has having lower physical and psychological qua lity of life post MI. If this result was consistent with previous research, I could use this knowledge to set up a plan of care to assist the women with increasing their physical and psychological aspects of quality of life. I would also reach out to women and form support groups to help them improve their perceptions on their quality of life.

Medical Decision-Making Essays

Medical Decision-Making Essays Medical Decision-Making Paper Medical Decision-Making Paper The foundation of every successful medical care is an exceptional quality of medical decisions. Yet currently, the delivery of quality patient-focused care is becoming a considerable challenge among citizens, policy-makers, health providers and researchers. The major reason of this setback is due to the fact that the science of medical care is presently advancing at a very hasty pace. Rapid development of new experiments and treatments, latest information regarding disease genetics and biology, and the shift from mostly severe to mainly chronic diseases is an entirely critical contributing factor. When patients get sick, they occasionally confront treatment decisions that can be terrifying and confusing. Consequently, medical practitioners are the ones who commonly formulate medical decisions for the patients, and several patients still favor this approach. However, to attain quality in medical decision-making, patients must involve themselves not only through the acceptance of notification that the decision matches their preferences and values significantly but as well as indisputable involvement. Shared Decision-Making Within the patient-medical partnership, the expressions â€Å"informed decision-making† and â€Å"shared decision-making† are the most popular terms used to embody decision-making process. Nevertheless, shared decision-making goes beyond informed decision-making, since the latter merely refers to the general procedure of gathering significant information equally from the patient’s medical doctor as well as from other sources, with or without explanation of personal values (Kaplan, 2004, p. 1). Shared decision-making, on the other hand, is described as a specific procedure of decision-making by the medical expert and patient in which the latter: (1) is aware of the preventive service, including the alternatives, benefits, risk, and uncertainties; (2) understands the seriousness or danger of the condition or illness to be avoided; (3) has engaged in decision-making at a level at which he or she comfortably feels and desires; and (4) has evaluated his or her values concerning the impending harms and benefits attached with the medical service (Kaplan, 2004, p. 1). Medical practice points out that patient opinion is frequently less essential in treatment decisions. However, devoid of the patient’s opinion, quality medical decisions are evidently unattainable. Overview of Current Scenario Although majority of patients still supports the practice of doctors exclusively formulating medical decisions for them, nevertheless there is a growing consensus that patients should be more involved in their personal health care (BMJ Publishing, 2001). Views on ethics, political trends, and research on health services have all contributed in influencing the prevailing idea. Patients are becoming much less inclined than before to leave medical decisions exclusively to the professionals. Nevertheless, notwithstanding the appeal of shared decision-making, an extensive research is still needed before it can be deployed in everyday clinical practice. Interest groups, such as the public, policy-makers, health providers and researchers must further ascertain the effectiveness of the interventions in terms of health care costs, patient outcome, and patient satisfaction (Kaplan, 2004, p. 2). Studies are as well indispensable in dealing with complex problems germane to patient inclination and the cognitive qualifications of patient partakers. Likewise, feasibility studies to establish if and how shared decision-making can find a place in everyday clinical care. How to Improve Medical Decision-Making One medical response can never be right for all patients. It is important therefore for interest groups to develop a distinctive approach in structuring information that is required to make informed options in health. In structuring medical decisions, the public, policy-makers, health providers and researchers must combine two very essential and diverse bodies of research. Firstly, a systematic evaluation of the data and science must be conducted by them in order to gather the most up to date impartial information on a specified clinical condition (Foundation for Informed Medical Decision Making, 2008). Secondly, they must carry out focus groups to draw together preferences and perspectives of patients concerning these clinical conditions. Accordingly, the interest groups must organize forums in order to discuss theoretical and practical challenges, present medical information and bring out alternatives (SMDM, 2007). Interest groups must then bring this information together and develop specialized up to date collective decision-making programs that consist of highly developed and impartial scientific information in conjunction with the pronouncement of actual patients, explaining their decisions based on individual principles and preferences (Foundation for Informed Medical Decision Making, 2008). It is crucial to make the latest medical information accessible to people in order for them to make use of it. By providing this unique structuring of information, a more efficient and effective physician-patient discussion is created. Moreover, patients are positioned at the center of the health care decisions that they confront. Accordingly, it is significant that interested citizens, policy-makers, health providers and researchers must help in evaluating and developing procedures that would facilitate the involvement of patients in decision-making in relation to their medical care. A growing body of investigation confirms that things work out better when patients are well acquainted and essentially take part in deciding how they are going to deal with or treat their health conditions. Well-informed patients feel better regarding the decision process and their decisions are more expected to be consistent with their concerns, values and preferences. Consequently, these patients are more expected to continue the required treatment schedules, and they frequently end up with superior health after treatment (Foundation for Informed Medical Decision Making, 2008). In addition, there are evidences that the intensifying participation of patients in their health care produces better health results, presenting a practical justification for what may have been an expected transfer in social control and power (BMJ Publishing, 2001). At present, the Society for Medical Decision Making or SMDM is continually advancing health outcomes through the development of sensible systematic approaches to policy-formation in health care and medical decision making by providing an educational discussion that educates and connects the public, policy-makers, health providers and researchers (Society for Medical Decision Making, 2007). Its members work in government agencies, foundations, corporations, corporations, universities, and hospitals worldwide. By being associated to the health care endeavor in various ways, SMDM expects to have an encouraging impact on medical decision-making. Conclusion Time and again, medical decisions that best serve a particular patient considerably depends on the latter’s own principles and preferences. In similar situation, the treatment that may be essential for one patient may not be essential for another. Instead of entirely entrusting every decision to the medical practitioners, it is more valuable for patients to thoroughly understand their medical alternatives, as well as be aware why it is in their interest to fully involve themselves in decision-making. In clinical health care, shared medical decision-making is a significant innovative model. It provides unbiased evidence concerning patients’ harms and benefits concerning medical interventions, in addition to superior quality of decision-making. Undoubtedly, the combination of patient perspectives and medical evidence can generate an accurately informed decision in medical care. References BMJ Publishing. (2001, September 15). Engaging patients in medical decision making. Retrieved January 16, 2009, from bmj. com/cgi/content/extract/323/7313/584 Foundation for Informed Medical Decision Making. (2008). Medical Decisions. Retrieved January 16, 2009, from informedmedicaldecisions. org/shared_decision_overview. htm Kaplan, R. M. (2004). Shared Medical Decision Making. The Community Guide. Retrieved January 16, 2009, from http://thecommunityguide. org/cancer/idm/KAPLAN-consent. pdf SMDM. (2007). SMDM Interest Groups. Retrieved January 16, 2009, from smdm. org/interest_groups. shtml Society for Medical Decision Making. (2007). Welcome to SMDM. Retrieved January 16, 2009, from smdm. org/#

Free Essays on Dali Biography

May 15, 2005 â€Å"A true painter is one who can paint extraordinary scenes in the middle of an empty desert. A true painter is one who can patiently paint a pear in the midst of tumults of history.† -Salvador Dali "Salvador," as told by Dali, was â€Å"destined to rescue and save painting from the mediocre catastrophes of modern art.† Salvador Dali is considered the greatest artist of the surrealist movement and one of the greatest masters of art during the twentieth century, experimenting with numerous other creative forms: sculpture, screenwriting, jewelry, and different styles and genres of art. Salvador Felipe Jacinto Dalà ­ I Domenech was born on May 11, 1904, as the son of a prestigious notary in the small town of Figueres, in Northern Spain. Salvador Dali is given the same name as his older brother, who died prior to his birth. Dali’s older brother Salvador passes away at the age of seven from an attack of meningitis. Dali wrote that they resembled each other like two drops of water, but with different reflections. The profound sadness experienced by their parents was transpired into an unconditional dedication towards their new child. His early childhood was spent in Figueres and at the family's summer home in the coastal fishing village of Cadaques, where his parents built his first studio. As an eccentric child dealing with life’s hardships it enabled him to artistically demonstrate his personal obsessions and fantasies by painting in bold dream world imagery. Sigmund Freud’s theory of the unconscious, expounded in â€Å"The Interpretation of Dreams,† played a large role in influencing Dali and his passion for dreams. The other prevalent factor in the shaping of Dali’s artistic philosophy was found in the close knit avant-garde styles of French Surrealists. Dali, as a young protà ©gà ©, received his first drawing lessons when he was ten years old from then well known Spanish impressionist painter, Ramon... Free Essays on Dali Biography Free Essays on Dali Biography May 15, 2005 â€Å"A true painter is one who can paint extraordinary scenes in the middle of an empty desert. A true painter is one who can patiently paint a pear in the midst of tumults of history.† -Salvador Dali "Salvador," as told by Dali, was â€Å"destined to rescue and save painting from the mediocre catastrophes of modern art.† Salvador Dali is considered the greatest artist of the surrealist movement and one of the greatest masters of art during the twentieth century, experimenting with numerous other creative forms: sculpture, screenwriting, jewelry, and different styles and genres of art. Salvador Felipe Jacinto Dalà ­ I Domenech was born on May 11, 1904, as the son of a prestigious notary in the small town of Figueres, in Northern Spain. Salvador Dali is given the same name as his older brother, who died prior to his birth. Dali’s older brother Salvador passes away at the age of seven from an attack of meningitis. Dali wrote that they resembled each other like two drops of water, but with different reflections. The profound sadness experienced by their parents was transpired into an unconditional dedication towards their new child. His early childhood was spent in Figueres and at the family's summer home in the coastal fishing village of Cadaques, where his parents built his first studio. As an eccentric child dealing with life’s hardships it enabled him to artistically demonstrate his personal obsessions and fantasies by painting in bold dream world imagery. Sigmund Freud’s theory of the unconscious, expounded in â€Å"The Interpretation of Dreams,† played a large role in influencing Dali and his passion for dreams. The other prevalent factor in the shaping of Dali’s artistic philosophy was found in the close knit avant-garde styles of French Surrealists. Dali, as a young protà ©gà ©, received his first drawing lessons when he was ten years old from then well known Spanish impressionist painter, Ramon...

List of French Homophones and Meanings

List of French Homophones and Meanings Homophones are words that have the same pronunciation but different meanings and, sometimes, spellings. Therefore, French homophones can cause difficulties in oral comprehension and spelling. These pages should help you to understand the difference between the most common French homophones. French Homophones: O o, oh - see auon (indefinite subject pronoun) - one, we, they  Ã‚  Ã‚  On y va ? - Are we going?ont - third person plural conjugation of avoir (to have)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ils ont des questions - They have some questionsorange - (invariable adjective) orange  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jai trois chemises orange - I have three orange shirtsune orange - orange (fruit)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jai achetà © trois oranges - I bought three orangesou, oà ¹ - see aoà »t French Homophones: P la paie - payla paix - peacele pet - (familiar) fartle pain - bread  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je dois acheter du pain - I need to buy some breadle pin - pine  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je crois que cest un pin - I think its a pine (tree)pair (adjective) - even  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest un nombre pair - Its an even numberle pair - peer  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il est acceptà © par ses pairs - He is accepted by his peersla paire - pair  Ã‚  Ã‚  une paire de ciseaux - a pair of scissorsle pà ¨re - father  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest mon pà ¨re - Its my fatherpar (preposition) - by/with  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cette histoire a à ©tà © à ©crite par un enfant - This story was written by a childpars - first and second person singular conjugation of partir (to leave)  Ã‚  Ã‚   quelle heure pars-tu ? - What time do you leave?part - third person singular conjugation of partirune part - part, portion  Ã‚  Ã‚  la part du lion - the lions shareparce que (conjunctive phrase) - because  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je lai fait parce que javais peur - I did it because I was scaredpar c e que - preposition par indefinite relative pronoun ce que  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je suis surpris par ce que vous dites - Im surprised by what you are sayingparti - past participle of partir (to leave)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il est dà ©j parti - He already left. un parti - (political) party; option, course of actionune partie - part, amount  Ã‚  Ã‚  Divisez-le en quatre parties - Divide it into four parts.la pà ¢te - pastry, dough, pasteles pà ¢tes - pastala patte - pawla peau - skin  Ã‚  Ã‚  Les soins de la peau sont trà ¨s importants - Skin care is very importantle pot - jar, pot, can  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jai achetà © un pot de confiture - I bought a jar of jam(un) peu - (a) little  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jai un peu dargent - I have a little moneypeux - first and second person singular conjugation of pouvoir (can, to be able)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je peux le faire - I can do itpeut - third person singular conjugation of pouvoirphare - see fardphiltre - see filtreplus tà ´t - sooner, earlier  Ã‚  Ã‚  On doit commencer une heure plus tà ´t - We need to start an hour earlierplutà ´t - (adverb) rather, instead  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je prà ©fà ¨re plutà ´t la chemise rouge - Id rather have the red shirtle poids - weightle pois - pea, dotla poix - tar, pitchle poing - fistà ‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il ma montrà © le poing ! - He shook his fist at me!le point - point, place; stitch  Ã‚  Ã‚  Quel est son point de congà ©lation ? - What is its freezing point?le porc - pig, pork  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je ne mange pas le porc - I dont eat porkle port - port, harbor  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il est sorti du port - He left portle pouce - thumbla pousse - sproutprà ¨s (adverb) - near, nearby  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jhabite tout prà ¨s - 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although  Ã‚  Ã‚  Quoique je suis malade†¦Ã‚  - Although I am sick†¦quoi que  (conjunctive phrase) - whatever  Ã‚  Ã‚  Quoi que tu penses†¦Ã‚  - Whatever you may think†¦ French Homophones: R r  - letter of the  French alphabetair  - (masculine noun) air; appearance  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il a lair malade  - He looks sickune  aire  - area, zone, eyrie  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je cherche une aire de jeux  - Im looking for a playgroundune  Ãƒ ¨re  - era  Ã‚  Ã‚  En lan 1999 de notre à ¨re  - In 1900 ADla  reine  - queenle  renne  - reindeerla  rose  - rose  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jaime bien les roses  - I really like rosesle  rose  -  pink  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je prà ©fà ¨re la chemise rose  - I prefer the pink shirtla  roue  - wheel  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je sais changer une roue  - I know how to change a tirele  roux  -  red(-head), roux  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il a les cheveux roux  - He has red hairFor the difference in pronunciation between  roue/roux  and  rue, see my lesson on  OU vs U French Homophones: S s  - letter of the  French alphabetà ¨s  - in (a certain subject)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il a une licence à ¨s ingà ©nierie  - He has a BS in engineeringsa  - see  Ãƒ §asain  - healthy, sound, wholesome  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il est sain et sauf chez lui  - Hes safe and sound at homesaint  - holy, saintly  Ã‚  Ã‚  le vendredi saint  - Good Fridayun  saint  - saintun  sein  - breastsais,  sait  - see  csang,  sans,  sen  - see  cenun  saut  - jump, leap  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il sest levà © dun saut  - He jumped to his feetun  sceau  - seal, stamp, mark  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest marquà © dun sceau  - Its marked with a sealun  seau  - bucket, pailsot  - silly, foolish, stupidscie  - see  cise  - see  cele  sel  - saltla  selle  - saddlecelle  (demonstrative pronoun) - this/that one  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je prà ©fà ¨re celle-ci  - I prefer this onesen,  sens,  sent  - see  censensà ©Ã‚  - see  censà ©sept,  sest vowel,  Sà ¨te  - see  cest vowelses,  sest  - see  csà ©tait,  sà ©taient  - see  cà ©taitsi,  six  - see  cisigne  - see  cygnesoi  - oneself  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il faut avoir confiance en soi  - One must be self-confidentle  soi  - self, id  Ã‚  Ã‚  Le soi, le moi et le sur-moi  - The id, the ego, and the superegosois  - first and second person singular  subjunctive  of  Ãƒ ªtre  (to be)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il faut que tu sois l  - You have to be therela  soie  - silk  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest un chemisier en soie  - Its a silk blousesoient  - third person plural subjunctive of  Ãƒ ªtresoit  - third person singular subjunctive of  Ãƒ ªtrele  sol  - ground, floor, siltla  sole  - sole (fish)la  somme  - sum, amountle  somme  - snooze, napson  (possessive adjective) - his, her, its  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cà ©tait son idà ©e  - It was his ideale  son  - sound, bran  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest un ingà ©nieur de son et il naime pas la farine de son  - Hes a sound e ngineer and he doesnt like bran floursont  - third person plural conjugation of  Ãƒ ªtre  (to be)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ils sont en retard  - They are lateun  sou  - centsous  - undersur  - sour (adjective)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest un peu sur  - Its a little soursur  (preposition) - 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your  Ã‚  Ã‚  Oà ¹ est ton sac ?  - Wheres your bag?un  ton  - tone, pitch  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il parle sur un ton grave  - He speaks in a serious tonetond(s)  - singular conjugations of the French verb  tondre  (to shear, mow)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je tonds le gazon le samedi  - I mow the lawn on Saturdaytont  -  contraction  of  te   third person plural conjugation of  avoir  (to have)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ils tont menti  - They lied to youle  tic  - tic, twitch  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il a un tic nerveux  - He has a nervous ticla  tique  - tick  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mon chien a des tiques  - My dog has ticksla  tour  - towerle  tour  - tour, turntout  - all, everythingle  toux  - coughtu  - youtu  - past participle of the French verb  se taire  (to be quiet)tue(s)  - singular conjugations of  tuer  (to kill)tuent  - third person plural conjugation of  tuer French Homophones: U u  - see  eu French Homophones: V vain  - empty, superficial  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ce sont de vains mots  - Those are empty wordsle  vin  - winevingt  - twentyvins  - first and second person  passà © simple  of  venir  (to come)vint  - third person singular passà © simple of  venirvend  - third person singular conjugation of  vendre  (to sell)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il vend sa maison  - Hes selling his housevends  - first and second person singular conjugation of  vendrele  vent  - wind  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il y a du vent  - Its windyun  ver  - wormun  verre  - glassvers  (preposition) - towardun  vers  - versevert  - greenvoie  - first and third person singular  subjunctive  of  voir  (to see)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il faut quelle voie son frà ¨re  - She has to see her brotherla  voie  - way, route  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest une voie privà ©e  - Its a private roadvoient  - third person plural indicative and subjunctive of  voirvoies  - second person singular subjunctive of  voirvois  - first and second person singular indicative of  voir  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je ne le vois pas  - I dont see itvoit  - third person singular indicative of  voirla  voix  - voice  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ils parlent voix basse  - They are speaking in low voicesvoir  - to see  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je ne peux pas voir là ©cran  - I cant see the screenvoire  - indeed, or even, if not  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest une bonne idà ©e, voire excellente  - Its a good, or even excellent, ideavu  - past participle of  voir  (to see)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je lai vu hier  - I saw him yesterdayvu  (presentative) - given, considering  Ã‚  Ã‚  Vu notre situation†¦Ã‚  - Given our situation†¦la  vue  - sight  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il perd la vue  - Hes losing his sight French Homophones: Y y  - see  i

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Four questions to answer - Essay Example This happens to describe the relation between the organisation and the employees. This is a key factor as it lets the employees know about the organisation’s policies and the transparency that it maintains in the internal as well as the external affairs of the organisation. This Professional area has some important elements embedded in it. Trade Unions, Health and Safety and Grievance and Disciplinary are a few to name. Let us now take a better look into all these elements individually and also integrating them so as to have a better understanding of the concept of Professional Areas. An associate member is expected to help improve and enhance the relationship between the employees and the organisation. Also one has to make sure, the execution of the policies and practices which necessarily cover the employee’s relationship with the organisation are carried out and this would also include industrial relations and those strategies associated with it. To maintain healthy relation between the organisation and the employees the Associate members should make sure that all the disputes are resolved at the earliest possibility. These disputes could be individual or collective. Ensuring the coverage of tribunals, grievance and disciplinary, employment law, contracts of employment and terms and conditions seconds none in the order of importance when the Employee relation with the organisation is concerned. They make up for a good relation by ensuring the employees rights and responsibilities. The resolving of issues though sounds like a normal job, demands plenty of diplomacy and spontaneity. The simple issues left unattended could turn into complex ones and they might be of great risk to the organisation. So the Associate member should resolve every issue, no matter what intensity it is of and should properly influence those leading the issue to the right approach. Among those critical jobs that the Associate members carry out, one that has to be definite ly discussed is checking the proper understanding of the organisation’s policies and procedures by the employees and making sure that they are integrated within the employees and are maintained in the workplace. On the other hand, the Associate members make certain it is just not the employees who need to have an understanding of the organisation’s policies and procedures, but also the HR Professionals who need to have an understanding of the full range of employee relations policies, practices and the employment laws. This is done to better manage the risk and the Associate member might also need to train them with individual coaching as per the requirements. They need to have a desire to learn as the job demands the necessity to learn about the continuously evolving employee relations both locally and globally. This is achieved by maintaining relationships with the counterparts, the formal bodies and communities of practice. This information gathered by the Associate member is then used to improve and make better changes in the employee relation plan. They also lead the negotiations between the trade unions, work councils and similar bodies regarding the labour issues and sometimes bring them to the notice of the higher authorities, depending on the intensity of the issue thereby creating an amicable working environment and building up a healthy relationship among them. The Associate membe

Marketing as an Aspect of Business Research Paper

Marketing as an Aspect of Business - Research Paper Example In addition, the marketing function of business is responsible for developing long-term growth and providing and communicating value. Marketing is a critical aspect of business because it plays a critical role in improving the success of the business. Production, as well as distribution, depends primarily on marketing. However, it is common for people to consider sales and marketing as the same thing. The two aspects are quite different; marketing encompasses business processes such as promotion, public relations and sales. At its core, marketing is the process involved in the introduction and promotion of products or services into a market. On the other hand, sales is the act of purchasing or the transaction of customers buying the business’ products or services. Since the purpose of marketing is to make a business’ products or services widely recognized to the market, marketers are required to be immensely creative throughout their marketing activities. Within the mod ern, competitive business environment, getting a company’s products noticed represents quite a challenge to marketers. In terms of marketing strategy, businesses must be more focused on customers than the products (Christensen, 1997). While good and superior quality products are critical, the customer population still has their personal preferences. Therefore, getting repeat purchases is one of the hardest parts of marketing activities. Within the modern, competitive business environment, getting a company’s products noticed represents quite a challenge to marketers.... At its core, marketing is the process involved in the introduction and promotion of products or services into a market. On the other hand, sales is the act of purchasing or the transaction of customers buying the business’ products or services. Since the purpose of marketing is to make a business’ products or services widely recognized to the market, marketers are required to be immensely creative throughout their marketing activities. Within the modern, competitive business environment, getting a company’s products noticed represents quite a challenge to marketers. In terms of marketing strategy, businesses must be more focused on customers than the products (Christensen, 1997). While good and superior quality products are critical, the customer population still has their personal preferences. Therefore, getting repeat purchases is one of the hardest parts of marketing activities. Organizations use various forms of marketing approaches; however, all forms of mar keting aim at promoting product awareness to the entire market. Both online and offline marketing activities make it possible for a business to educate the market on its various products and services, which they can purchase. In addition to creating public awareness of a business’ products and services, marketing boosts a company’s sales, as well as revenue growth (Chernev & Kotler, 2009). Marketing is also important in building a company’s reputation; in order to be successful in the market, marketers typically aim at creating brand name recognition. This entails the technique through which consumers can easily associate the brand name with the logo, images or captions they either see or

Four questions to answer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Four questions to answer - Essay Example This happens to describe the relation between the organisation and the employees. This is a key factor as it lets the employees know about the organisation’s policies and the transparency that it maintains in the internal as well as the external affairs of the organisation. This Professional area has some important elements embedded in it. Trade Unions, Health and Safety and Grievance and Disciplinary are a few to name. Let us now take a better look into all these elements individually and also integrating them so as to have a better understanding of the concept of Professional Areas. An associate member is expected to help improve and enhance the relationship between the employees and the organisation. Also one has to make sure, the execution of the policies and practices which necessarily cover the employee’s relationship with the organisation are carried out and this would also include industrial relations and those strategies associated with it. To maintain healthy relation between the organisation and the employees the Associate members should make sure that all the disputes are resolved at the earliest possibility. These disputes could be individual or collective. Ensuring the coverage of tribunals, grievance and disciplinary, employment law, contracts of employment and terms and conditions seconds none in the order of importance when the Employee relation with the organisation is concerned. They make up for a good relation by ensuring the employees rights and responsibilities. The resolving of issues though sounds like a normal job, demands plenty of diplomacy and spontaneity. The simple issues left unattended could turn into complex ones and they might be of great risk to the organisation. So the Associate member should resolve every issue, no matter what intensity it is of and should properly influence those leading the issue to the right approach. Among those critical jobs that the Associate members carry out, one that has to be definite ly discussed is checking the proper understanding of the organisation’s policies and procedures by the employees and making sure that they are integrated within the employees and are maintained in the workplace. On the other hand, the Associate members make certain it is just not the employees who need to have an understanding of the organisation’s policies and procedures, but also the HR Professionals who need to have an understanding of the full range of employee relations policies, practices and the employment laws. This is done to better manage the risk and the Associate member might also need to train them with individual coaching as per the requirements. They need to have a desire to learn as the job demands the necessity to learn about the continuously evolving employee relations both locally and globally. This is achieved by maintaining relationships with the counterparts, the formal bodies and communities of practice. This information gathered by the Associate member is then used to improve and make better changes in the employee relation plan. They also lead the negotiations between the trade unions, work councils and similar bodies regarding the labour issues and sometimes bring them to the notice of the higher authorities, depending on the intensity of the issue thereby creating an amicable working environment and building up a healthy relationship among them. The Associate membe

Zara Inc Success Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Zara Inc Success - Research Paper Example As the paper highlights the Fashion Retail world has evolved ahead of others with companies fighting for share in the market and the consumers demanding the next exotic collection every few months. The internationalization has enhanced the commercial aspect of these Fashion Titans who struggle to roll out new designs and trends every season with the hope of getting noticed in a crowd of thousands. The new global economic environment has provided Zara with an opportunity to improve its current brand perception and become the premium brand for European consumers. This can be achieved by creating a high end line for Zara. This would not only increase the potential target market for Zara but also allow Zara to charge premium prices. This study declares that in 1963-74 Amancio Ortega Gaona, chairman and founder of Inditex2, begins his business activities in the textile manufacturing sector. The business grows steadily throughout the decade to include several manufacturing centers distributing products to various European countries. The first ZARA shop opened its doors in 1975 in A Coruà ±a (Spain), the city that saw the Groups early beginnings and which is now home to its central offices. Its stores can now be found in the most important shopping districts of more than 400 cities in Europe, the Americas, Asia and Africa which is indeed a remarkable achievement. Interesting as it may seem, its first store featured low-priced lookalike products of popular, higher-end clothing fashions. This was of course an instant success as it enabled the people to have copies of the more luxurious clothes at a reasonable price and so Mr. Ortega opened more stores all over Spain. â€Å"ZARA was a fashion imitator.  ZARAâ€⠄¢s strategy of low volume per style and changing products quickly in its stores helps it to down on the discounts as well. Of its 12,000 distinct items annually, only about 18% of its clothing does not work with customers and has to be discounted.  

Oman Telecommunication Company

Oman Telecommunication Company Introduction Brief History The Oman telecommunication company is the most reliable and unique telecom and multimedia service provider in Pakistan which is also known as Omantel. The world call telecommunication limited is also the Omantelscompany. The companys word:- â€Å"WorldCall launched its business in June 1996 with payphone operations. A fundamental shift in technology and industry, innovation and dedication led us to growth in diversified businesses with a range of services designed to serve the needs of the local market. From Cable Broadband to Wireless Broadband, from Cable TV to Video on Demand, from LDI services and fiber optic network to wireless local loop telephony, WC has crossed a number of milestones. WC offers an array of services under three major service categories i.e. Data, Entertainment and Voice.† WorldCall Telecom Ltd. became an associate company of Omantel after acquisition of major share holding by Omantel in 2008. Today, WorldCall Telecom has become more innovative, dedicated, and reliable company in Pakistan. Status of Omantel:- Oman Telecommunications Company (Omantel) is the largest communication service provider in Oman. Any telephone call you make, local or international, the SMS Messages, or internet services, Omantel is the major and larger provider. Situational Analysis In 1996 First Capital Securities Corporation commenced to incubate payphone operation named WorldCall Payphones Limited. The new venture stood first in a communication revolution that was yet to hang on the country. WorldCall perception of a changing business environment placed them at the lead of a demand-led explosion of payphones all over the country. WorldCall introduced their first payphone in June 1996. They were one of the largest fixed line payphone operators. With the expansion in telecom they have continued to innovate. Over the years they have invested heavily in new technologies and businesses. In 1998 prepaid calling cards were launched by WorldCall Phonecards under the brand name Hello. In the following years WC provided its dial-up internet services through WorldCall.com. In 2000 WorldCall in Multimedia segment established a Hybrid Fiber Coaxial (HFC) network in Lahore thus becoming the first Multi-service operator in the country, providing cable television and Internet-over-cable. WC cable TV in Lahore, is the last but largest entrant till now. In 2003 WC launched a state of the art HFC network operation in Karachi under WorldCall Broadband Limited. These are the largest and only national networks capable of three features at the same time (cable TV, high speed internet/data and telephony). WorldCall Telecom Limited got Wireless Local Loop (WLL) license in the post deregulation auction to provide WLL telephony in all 14 telecom regions of Pakistan primarily in the 1900 MHz band. It has partnered with Samsung for a CDMA 2000. WC started service from Lahore in June 2005 which is now available in over 40 cities. WC also acquired an LDI license and service commenced at the end of 2004. WTL enjoys significant edge over competition due to unused fiber optic capabilities available in the telecommunication sector. In April 2008, Omantel had acquired 65 percent shares of WorldCall Telecom Limited for $200 million. The CEO WorldCall Mr Salmaan Taseer led the WorldCall delegation Salman Taseer said that WorldCall is the first company to launch payphone cards, High HFC System and local loop in the country. WorldCall is positioned in a unique way being the only real Multi Service Operator (MSO) in Pakistan telecom landscape with proven track record and established market position in various segments of its operations. WorldCall also enjoys leadership position with consistent growth in its market share for broadband connectivity and cable television. Focus of rollout will principally target broadband segment with sustained growth of voice services. This planned expansion coupled with initial investment would see a decent inflow of capital into Pakistan. Omantel is a publicly traded telecom company based in Oman with diversified operations. However, acquisition of majority stake in WorldCall is its first overseas venture. Structure of WorldCall Location of offices Location of Head Office WorldCall Telecom Limited 67-C III, Gulberg III, Lahore, Pakistan Tel: (92 42) 5872633-38 Fax: (92 42) 5755231 Wireless Local Loop Main Office Ibrahim Trade Center (Near Barkat Market) 1- Aibak Block, New Garden Town, Lahore (92 42) 8464646 www.callwireless.com.pk WLL Helpline (92) 0800-19111 WC Net Helpline 109, UAN (111-111-965) Number of Total Employees:- As of December 2010, around 1800 total employees work for WorldCall. (More than 3000 before downsizing after acquisition of WorldCall by Omantel, however these decisions were taken by the Omani top management) Legal Status and Nature of Business The Group consists of: WorldCall Telecom Limited WorldCall Telecom Limited (the Company) is a public limited company incorporated in Pakistan on 15 March 2001 under the Companies Ordinance, 1984 and its shares are quoted on the Karachi and Lahore Stock Exchanges. WorldCall Telecom Ltd. groups principal activity is to provide telecommunication services. It operates through two business segments: Telecom segment provides operation and maintenance services for payphone network. Broadband segment provides internet over cable and cable TV services. The Group operates mainly in its domestic market. The Company commenced its operations on 01 December 2004 and is engaged in providing Wireless Local Loop (WLL) and Long Distance International (LDI) services in Pakistan, operation and maintenance of public payphones network and re-broadcasting international/national satellite/terrestrial wireless and cable television and radio signals as well as interactive communication and to establish, maintain and operate the licensed telephony services. The Company has been licensed by Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) and Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (PEMRA) for these purposes. Worldcall Telecommunications Lanka (Private) Limited (the Subsidiary) was incorporated in Sri Lanka and is a joint venture with Hayleys Group to operate payphones. The principal activity of the Subsidiary is the operation and maintenance of public payphones networks. Payphones are installed at various shops/commercial outlets. The Company holds 70.65% of voting securities in the Subsidiary. Type of Ownership A Subsidiary of Omantel Before the acquisition and restructuring of WorldCall, the WorldCall group was consisted of following companies: Worldcall Communications Limited Worldcall Phone cards Limited Worldcall Multimedia Limited Worldcall Broadband Limited Omantel decided to consolidate WorldCall into a single company and as a subsidiary of Omantel. Foreign Subsidiary Worldcall Telecommunications Lanka (Pvt.) Limited is a foreign subsidiary of Worldcall Telecom Ltd. Key Players Historically Salman Taseer remained the key player in WorldCall as a Leader, CEO and Chairman.After the completion of acquisitions Omantel plays important role at corporate level but WorldCall lacks any leadership personality like Salman Taseer. CEO of the Company The current players are Babar Ali Sayed (CEO) former LDI Director Operations. First time in the history of WorldCall the CEO is from Technical Department, unlike previous CEOs with background in Finance and Chartered Accountants. A current picture of MR. Babar Ali Syed is below: Board of Directors Mr. Mehdi Mohammed Al Abduwani Mr. Talal Said Marhoon Al-Mamari Mr. Bernhard Heinichen Mr. Samy Ahmed Abdulqadir Al Ghassany Mr. Zafar Iqbal Mr. Aimen bin Ahmed Al Hosni Mr. Saud bin Ahmed Al-Nahari Mr. Shehryar Ali Taseer Mr. Asadullah Khawaja (nominee Arif Habib Securities Limited) Vision and Mission Statements VISION:- We at WorldCall are committed to achieving dynamic growth and service excellence by being at the cutting edge of technological innovation. We strive to consistently meet and surpass customers, employees and stake-holders expectations by offering state-of-the-art telecom solutions with national international footprints. We feel pride in making efforts to position WorldCall and Pakistan in the forefront of international arena. MISSION:- In the telecom market of Pakistan, WorldCall to have an overwhelming impact on the basis of following benchmarks: Create new standards of product offering in basic and value added telephony by being more cost effective, easily accessible and dependable. Thus ensuring real value for money to all segments of market. Be a leader within indigenous operators in terms of market share, gross revenues and ARPU within five years and maintain the same positioning thereafter. Achieve utmost customer satisfaction by setting up high standards of technical quality and service delivery. Ensuring the most profitable and sustainable patterns of ROI (Return on Investment) for the stake-holders. ANALYSIS of MISSION STATEMENT WHO ARE WE?  § Be a leader within indigenous operators in terms of market share, gross revenues and ARPU within five years and maintain the same positioning thereafter. WHAT WE DO?  § Create new standards of product offering in basic and value added telephony by being more cost effective, easily accessible and dependable. Thus ensuring real value for money to all segments of market. WHERE ARE WE NOW?  § Achieve utmost customer satisfaction by setting up high standards of technical quality and service delivery. Now in term Components:-  § Customers  § Product services  § Markets  § Technology  § Concern for survival growth and profitability  § Philosophy  § Self concept  § Concern for public image  § Concern for employees Suggested Correct Vision Statement:- To be a leader in a telecom industry by being at cutting edge of technological innovation. Goals Objectives of WorldCall 2010:- GOALS:- To redevelop an infrastructure which help company to implement multi destination LDI operations To expand the wireless broadband network To secure advertisement revenue share through cable TV network OBJECTIVES:- To secure international terminations from the major countries of Europe and USA; and establishments POPs (Point-Of-Presence, Switch, Router, Billing system) using co-location. To establish head-ends (main transmission source) in 14 major cities of Pakistan. WorldCall plans to expand its EVDO service in all the 50 major cities of Pakistan. External and Internal assessment PESTE(L) ANALYSIS The Telecom sector all around the world and especially in Pakistan has experienced a tremendous growth in the last few years. The telecommunication sector of Pakistan was awarded the status of industry in 2005 and since then it has been one of the fastest growing sectors of Pakistan quite eminent from various factors such as the mobile density reaching 61.7% in December 2010 and the number of mobile subscribers reaching 102 million. (Source: Pakistan Telecommunication Authority, Annual report 2010). Political factors The political environment of Pakistan is getting unstable uncertain day by day so only the government decision and initiative measures are very important. Decline in foreign investment is also the reason of political instability. PTA is highly autonomous govt. organization and has shown the moderate continuity in the policies regardless of changes in the political environment. PTA is striving hard and trying its best to provide equal competition opportunities in Telecom industry. Govt. can announce unexpected tax changes in Telecom industry. PTA convinced the government that raising taxes will not result in more money coming in the reverse is actually true as the Pakistan government got less revenue. Economical factors The ever increasing economical issues like inflation and the growing debt of Pakistan. The disposable income of people getting low due to the price inflation of consumer goods services. PTA report 2010 tells that telecom sector of economy is in a good shape and growing. Inflation is controlling by state bank and under strict eyes but unemployment rate is going up and up with the increase of level of poverty. High interest rate ~13% Decline in Telecom share in total GST due to low tariffs. Social factors Telecommunication is used in the professional and private sphere now days. Better telecommunication services and telecommunication is now becoming essential part of people lifestyle. Now people have become habitual of consuming new technology products. Internet has become a real working tool; people use Internet at home, at work. People are interested in more than just â€Å"Plain Old Cable/TV† technologies†¦ like Digital Cable TV, Video-On-Demand, and Personal Video Recorders not just plain old TV due to frequent use of internet. Young generation is getting more interest in wireless telecommunication and spends more time in online social activities like chatting, social networking. Telecommunication becoming an integrated part of our social life style. People now like to use Facebook on their pc and on mobile, allowing them to connect with their family and friends anytime anywhere. Internet becomes an integral part of people social-lives. Online gaming is growing rapidly and the ever increasing gaming competition all over the world and in pakistan as well. Technological factors Telecom sector have technology with which they can compete in Pakistan and now companies are investing in their infrastructure to not only expand but also to upgrade their existing structure. Currently mostly companies are providing Multi-media Messaging Services (MMS), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Virtual Private Network (VPN), Pocket Stocks, Conference Calling, Wallpapers Animated pictures Polyphonic ring tones (WAP), and Voice Mail at low price and some are also providing feature that one can see TV channels on their cell. Individuals and companies are recognizing the benefits of mobility of wireless broadband. The expertise of IT and Telecom industry has greatly reduce cost and time on the usage of products and services. For example, new VoIP technologies are changing the cost structure of the LDI business. Upcoming future wireless broadband technologies are changing the trends of internet usage. Pakistans telecom industry is one the fastest growing industries even compared to other countries. Innovations and development in telecom technologies has played a major role in the overall growth. Innovations and Developments in IT and Telecom can create and motivate new demands. Like Video Conferencing induced more demand for companies interested in online business meetings. Now a day, firms are in search of reliable information systems. And for this telecom technologies playing vital role. Environmental factors The telecommunication towers spoil the view especially of tourism places but no attention is paid towards this. Ecological Factors Natural Obstructions in Wireless Transmission Infrastructure usage facing difficulty due to the conditions of land. Legal factors Corruption and bribery in legal authorities suffers a telecom companies a lot to face difficulties PTA is the telecom industry regulator and their some objectives are: Telecom sector changed from monopoly to competition Protection of the rights of the companies competing with incumbents and to provide safeguards the interest of the users of the telecommunication services. The unbiased laws of telecom sector to establish healthy competition in market. Porters five forces model Threat of New Entrants Telecom is a very capital concentrated industry, entry into this industry means that the firms need access to huge amount of capital mainly to cover the fixed costs to lay and maintain a physical network (infrastructure, fiber optic cables etc) to the premises of customers. As it is mandatory for the firms to get approval/licenses from PTA, which is both costly, and a tiresome job. Although companies in this industry mostly tended to monopolies regulated by the government up to price controls and moderate to heavy taxation. The telecom industry is already dominated by major players and smaller manufacturers have to struggle, due to high setup costs and market dominations threat of new entrants is low because of: Ø High Government restrictions or legislation Ø Telecom licenses, rights, regional licenses Ø Expected Mergers and Acquisitions Ø High fixed costs Ø High Capital requirements Ø Aggressive competition Bargaining Power of Suppliers There is intense competition between suppliers because of multi-million dollar contracts between Pakistani firms and mostly foreign suppliers. List of suppliers who intensely compete with each other to reach contracts with their business customers. Sometimes suppliers show flexible behavior to maintain the long term relationship with their profit oriented customers. In an telecom industry the manufacturers of telephone switching /switch board equipment, fiber optic cables, network equipment, and billing software makers are low. The prominent names in this industry include Cisco, Alcatel-lucent, Ericsson, Hawawie, ZTE, Samsung, Nortel and Motorola. With the outcome of economic crises and excess capacity and falling demand, the suppliers do not have much power and have to negotiate gently with the telecom companies because of: Ø High availability of substitute inputs Ø Competitive suppliers of telecom equipment Ø Low degree of differentiation of inputs, due to high component standardization. Bargaining Power of Consumer Consumer have high power because customer influence in pricing and shifts towards other sellers if he/she is not satisfied with the quality or price of the product or services. Consumers have very high buying power in telecom sector because though they have many options to choose from especially in Voice segment. Firms are now more concentrating on providing after sales services. Most of the products in the telecom sector industry have not much difference while some may have considerable differences. The increasing trend of communication like email, instant messaging, is declining the importance of voice services. Ø Switching to another product is simple Ø Customers are price sensitive Ø Consumers have high product knowledge Ø Switching costs are low Ø Availability of existing substitute products Plenty of choice of several technologies and other communication means available, enhanced the buyers power. Threat of Substitute Products There are many substitutes available in market. In case of unsatisfactionwith any of the feature customers can easily switch to the other because he/she has the almost exact or the same kind of substitutes. Many of the substitute products and services have emerged in voice, data and entertainment in telecom due to the technological breakthroughs. Switching power is high in telecom sector characterize by high technological developments and fast availability of alternative substitutes. Some of these are more convenient and offer far greater value to the consumer and have diminished the importance of traditional fixed line phones. Substitutes include Broadband, Wireless broadband, DigitalTv, IP Telephony, Mobile phones, Satellite, Email, and Instant Messaging etc. Rivalry among Competitors Due to growth opportunities and government focus on the telecom sector, there is a strong likelihood that competition will gradually increase as new firms enter the industry. there are many existing competitors of world call. The intensity among current rivals is intense and they are mostly competing on technological bases to create competitive advantages. Industry rivalry has become extremely intense with the emergence of new competing firms leading to price cuts across the industry. Ø Companies can only grow by stealing market share away from competitors. Ø Telecom industry with a very high growth. Ø Advertising intensity and spending are very high. SWOT ANALYSIS Strengths Technical infrastructure HFC-cable Product range Working in major cities Reputation Balanced sales Reliable wireless broadband Weaknesses High dependence on Voice segment Weak marketing Lacking a proper long-term strategy Weak brand positioning Less focus on short-term profitability Infrastructure varies from location to locations ERP implementation taking too long Opportunities Demand increased for backhaul network Cross-sell in major cities Increased demand for LDI and Broadband Privatization of government telecom projects PTA delayed 3G licenses Threats Economy instability CaTV operators alliance Threat by WiMax or other 4G technologies Government policies Increased consumer churn rate Heavy Price competition SWOT Matrix BCG Matrix Core Competencies Analysis The core competences that we have analyzed are Strong Dark Fiber Largest (hybrid fiber coaxial) HFC/Cable Operator (CATV, IOC, VoIP/MSAN Telephony) in Pakistan. Premium WLL and LDI operator in Pakistan. Specific Specialties Worldcall has taken the lead in introducing innovative telecommunication services in Pakistan: Supervised Payphones business model in Pakistan which is now being followed by many other operators largest fixed line payphone infrastructure. The first company to introduce prepaid calling card services in the country. Worldcall developed the first ever broadband HFC convergence Infrastructures in Pakistan the only operator in Pakistan and one of the few in the region to provide a triple play (CATV, broadband internet, telephony) Worldcall was the first operator in Pakistan to commission a state of the art next generation network (â€Å"NGN†) covering long distance international (â€Å"LDI†) inbound and outbound, local loop (â€Å"LL†) / wireless local loop (â€Å"WLL†) telephony services. This is a fully converged architecture enabling wireless solutions and hybrid fiber coaxial (HFC) telephony. Strategies Undertaken at: Corporate level:- As the other firms have strategies, WorldCall also has strategies at different levels. In corporate level strategies they basically discuss the current business status as well as the future of the current business. Then they decided in meetings, that in which sector they have to add something and in which sector they want to remove something. They are mainly concerned with: What kind of businesses they want themselves in? How they should manage all sectors or businesses? Types of diversifications they are following Related Business Diversification WorldCall mainly focus in Related Business Diversification. As many good and effective service of WorldCall the broadband service of WorldCall has good growth and opportunity. In this same line of business they diversify their business and there diversification is very much effective for them. They are introducing new and new things in this same line of business that have so many opportunities now a day in Pakistan. WorldCall has made its place in the current market by offering several and unique services. People want now a days some modernized services and WorldCall is properly working to promote these kinds of services. Some of the services are as follows (Video on Demand, cable TV, internet over cable). Currently the Company has several ongoing projects like HFC cable, Point-To-Point corporate broadband services, VSAT (satellite broadband) and DigitalTV which are in the different phases of roll out, all aimed at provisioning of sophisticated data and video services. Reasons for re lated diversification:- To reduce the risk!!! High Compatibility with technical infrastructure!!!!! Support some losses in other segments!! Defensive Strategy WorldCall in September 2009 completed the divesture of its foreign subsidiary WorldCall Lanka. They thought that this should be no more in their business. Forward Integration Although in a very poor state WorldCall is using Franchising as their forward integration strategy, however they do not have much control on their franchises. Product / Service Portfolio Management WorldCall has successfully introduced True Video-On-Demand technology. They have also started WorldCall Wireless Broadband with EVDO technology in the product portfolio. Another very effective service was pay phones and in 2009 officially phased out. Product Development Strategy The product development strategies are one of the most important strategies that should be in business if you want to survive in the market or in the business world. Worldcall is also using product development strategies as it involves development of telecom services and products. They have first mover advantage in CDMA2000 based EVDO wireless broadband. CDMA2000 represents a family of ITU-approved, IMT-2000 (3G) standards and includes CDMA2000 1X and CDMA2000 1xEV technologies. They deliver increased network capacity to meet growing demand for wireless services and high-speed data services. CDMA(code division multiple access) is the fastest growing wireless technology and it will continue to grow at a faster pace than any other technology. It is the platform on which 2G and 3G advanced services are built. Market Development Strategy In market development strategy you have to develop your market, worldcall has developed its market after making analysis. For example WorldCall EVDO Wireless Broadband was initially launched in Karachi followed by Lahore to other major cities including Gujranwala, Faisalabad, Multan and to inclusively to 50 major cities of Pakistan. Same is the expansion of Cable TV service to major cities of Pakistan. Business level strategies WorldCall offers many services under than head of 3 Major Business Segments WorldCall Data WorldCall Voice WorldCall Entertainment WorldCall Data (EVDO Wireless Broadband) WorldCall is following differentiation strategy for WorldCall EVDO wireless because the size of market is large and the product is differentiated for its performance and mobility. WorldCall Voice (LDI Services) WorldCall is following cost-leadership strategy in LDI because of intense and dynamic price competition in LDI market WorldCall Entertainment (Video On Demand) WorldCalls relatively new service is using â€Å"Focus-Value Strategy† because the target market is very small and product offers high degree of control with respect to traditional cable TV. MARKET ANALYSIS Telecom Sectors according to PTA : The Pakistan Telecommunications Authority (PTA) has forced the incumbent fixed-line and broadband operatorPakistan Telecommunication Company Ltd (PTCL) to enter a formal interconnection agreement with rival operators in the xDSL broadband market. The broadband operators, many of which are small and privately owned, have petitioned for reasonable access to PTCLs fixed-line network to help them reduce costs and offer more competitive tariffs. BMI(Business Monitor International) has consistently identified cost as being the single largest barrier to growth in the Pakistani broadband market. In India, where the government is actively pushing for growth, broadband services are available for US$8 per month. In Pakistan however, such services average US$16 per month. With the countrys mobile operators electing to deploy wireless broadband mainly in urban areas, customers in many smaller population centres have little or no high-speed access to the internet. Broadband Growth Now Possible

Patriot Act 2: The Domestic Security Enhancement Act :: essays research papers

Patriot Act 2: The Domestic Security Enhancement Act   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After the horrendous terrorist attack on the New York Trade Center a new Bill was passed by congress shortly after September 11, 2004. This bill is known as The Domestic Security Enhancement Act also called Patriot Act 2. This bill was designed as a follow-up to the USA Patriot Act to work in increasing government surveillance, detention and other law enforcement powers while reducing basic checks and balances on such powers. By the beginning of the year 2003 a draft of the legislation was available.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Amongst the most severe problems the bill diminishes personal privacy by removing checks on government power, diminishes public accountability by increasing government secrecy, and diminishes corporate accountability under the pretext of fighting terrorism. Also the bill undermines fundamental constitutional rights of Americans under overboard definitions of â€Å"terrorism† and â€Å"terrorist organization† or under a terrorism prete xt. Furthermore, unfairly targets immigrants under the pretext of fighting terrorism. (http://www.aclu.org/Safeand Free/SafeandFree.cfm?ID=11835&c=206)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Patriot Act 2 would give more power to the government, eliminating and weakening many of the checks and balances that remained on government surveillance, wiretapping, detention and criminal prosecution even after passage of the USA Patriot Act. The Patriot Bill was drafted by the Bush Administration that would expand law enforcement and intelligence gathering authorities, reduce or eliminate judicial oversight over surveillance, authorities secret arrests, create DNA database based on unchecked executive â€Å"suspicion,† create new death penalties, and even seek to take American citizenship away from persons who belong to or support disfavored political groups. A few renditions and provisions of the bill is explained in the next few paragraphs. These are only a few of the examples of the powers the new bill will give the government. (http://www.cdt.org/security/usapatriot/030210cole.pdf)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Section 201 authorizes secret arrests, overturning federal court decision requiring government disclose identity of persons it has detained during the 9/11 investigations. This part mandate that all arrests in connection to international terrorism investigations remain secret until indictment is filed. In our history we have never permitted secret arrests, it contradicts our rights and liberty.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Section 312 end the consent Decrees Against Illegal Police Spying. Automatically eliminating any consent decree governing police spying abuse entered before 9/11 no matter the basis of the pronouncement. This section states that it would eliminate consent pronouncements for the future with respect to police spying, and place substantial restrictions on judicial injunctions   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Section 503 provide the Attorney General unchecked power to deport foreign nationals, including lawful permanent resident aliens.